Exposure
and Response Prevention
for OCD

OCD comorbidity rates based on the DSM-5 (APA, 2013):

• Another Anxiety Disorder: 76%

• Depressive Disorder: 63%

  •  Major Depressive Disorder 41%

• Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder: 23-32%

• Tic Disorder: up to 30%

• Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder: 12%

​

Additional OCD comorbidities/additional information:

• Anxiety Disorders: Pinto and colleagues (2006) the Brown Longitudinal Study exploring OCD comorbidities, with 52.6% of participants having any anxiety disorder.

• Major Depressive Disorder: 35-67% (Perugi et al., 1997; Pinto et al., 2006)

• Eating Disorders: 10-41% of individuals with an eating disorder expereince OCD (Kaye et al., 2004; Pinto et al., 2006)

• Bipolar Disorder: 10.9%-16% (Ferentinos et al. 2020; Perugi et al., 1997).

• Trichotillomania (hair pulling) involves repetitive behaviors, that likely fall on the OC spectrum (Ferrao et al., 2009)

• Tourette’s Syndrome has also been suggested to be similar with neurobiological and genetic variants with OCD (Ferrao et al., 2009) with 14% comorbidity (Pinto et al., 2006)

• Excoriation (skin-picking) had a 26.3% rate in a study by Grant and Chamberlain (2020).

• Body Dysmorphic Disorder is currently classified in the DSM-5 as an OC spectrum disorder, and while there are similarities, there are also differences based on a systematic review by Malcolm and colleagues (2018).  

• Substance Use Disorder: Pinto and colleagues (2006) identified 25.6% of participants with a lifetime prevalence of any substance use disorder; Mancebo et al., (2009) found 26.9% of participants had any substance use disorder.

• Personality Disorders:  Most commonly OCPD (24.7%) and Avoidant (15.3%; Pinto et al., 2006).

• ADHD: 10.2% (Pinto et al., 2006)